Analysis Of Cutting Accuracy Using CNC Router Machine Based on Workpiece Thickness, Spindle Speed and Cutting Form

Abstract

The utilization of CNC Router machines has gained significant traction among practitioners in the field of creative arts due to their ability to expedite the production process of various artistic and functional products. However, despite the widespread adoption of this technology, the issue of dimensional accuracy and precision in the final output remains largely underexplored within the creative industry. This study aims to critically analyze the dimensional accuracy of products fabricated using a CNC router machine. In this research, a CNC router with a working bed dimension of 8 feet by 4 feet was employed. The research specifically examined the correlation between spindle speed, workpiece thickness, and the accuracy of geometric cuts, namely square and circular shapes. Accuracy was evaluated in terms of dimensional deviations along both the X and Y axes. The findings reveal notable discrepancies in measurement, particularly along the Y-axis, while the X-axis exhibited relatively minor deviations. At a spindle speed of 3000 revolutions per minute (rpm), the maximum dimensional deviation recorded was 0.1 mm along the X-axis and -0.3 mm along the Y-axis. When operating at 2500 rpm, the maximum deviation increased to 0.2 mm on the X-axis and 0.4 mm on the Y-axis. At a lower spindle speed of 2000 rpm, deviations remained consistent at 0.1 mm on the X-axis and 0.4 mm on the Y-axis. In contrast, circular cuts demonstrated a more uniform pattern of dimensional consistency, with minimal deviation observed across various spindle speeds. These results underscore the significance of optimizing machining parameters, particularly spindle speed to enhance cutting precision, especially along the Y-axis. This study contributes valuable insights into the precision engineering aspects of CNC Router applications and emphasizes the need for meticulous parameter calibration in creative manufacturing processes.